■ Students following Edexcel’s global route will find this article useful in relation to Topic 4 (Power and developments).
Two main forms of power – hard and soft – play a key role in shaping contemporary global politics. ‘Hard power’ refers to the use of coercive methods by states to influence the actions and behaviour of other political bodies and states. This includes the use of military force, diplomatic pressure and economic sanctions. For realists, hard power is the dominant means by which to exercise international influence, as it emphasises security and military power.
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