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geography online

The rapidly changing cryosphere

The cryosphere refers to parts of the Earth that are characterised by frozen water. This includes the polar regions and mountain ranges with glaciers. The cryosphere is changing rapidly in response to the climate crisis and this in turn is intensifying the speed and impacts of climate change.

© Peteris Zalitis/stock.adobe.com

Visit the National Snow and Ice Data Center of the University of Colorado Boulder: https://nsidc.org/home On the upper menu bar select ‘Learn’ and then ‘What is the cryosphere?’. Read the definition provided, then scroll down to the diagram showing the components of the cryosphere. Click on the diagram to enlarge it. Note the various features which frozen water produces. When finished, close the image.

Scroll down to read the section ‘Frozen ground and permafrost’. Select the tab ‘Learn more about frozen ground and permafrost’ and having read the definition move down to the hemispheric map showing ‘Where is permafrost located?’. Notice where the most extensive regions exist. Scroll back up to the top and from the ‘Frozen ground’ menu select ‘Science’ and study the map showing the quantity of carbon in the upper soil.

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Case study: Are visitors ruining the Peak District?

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Case study: Nigeria’s population structure

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