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EXAM FOCUS

The biomechanics of throwing

Throwing events in athletics offer an excellent opportunity to apply biomechanical theory to sporting examples. Adam Morton considers Newton’s laws, and factors affecting horizontal distance, projectile motion, stability and angular velocity

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This topic is covered by all the major exam boards.

Performance in throwing events is determined by technique, physical ability (such as power and strength) and biomechanically advantageous anthropometrics (such as height and weight). This combination of training and genetics was apparent in the average height and weight of gold medallists in the Paris 2024 Olympic throwing events: 1.98 m and 117 kg (men), and 1.80 m and 78 kg (women).

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The complexities of concussion

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Muscle hypertrophy, atrophy and muscle memory

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